eCommerce
Ecommerce
E-commerce: is the process of buying and selling good
and services online. Website is the primary interface between
seller and the customer; sellers publish information about the
services and products on the website; customers surf the website
and find information about the product and purchase products if they
liked it.
The website of the e-commerce business provides features like search product
information, order products, purchase products, view other customers
comments and feedback about the product; picture gallery, video of the products etc. are
also provided.
Customers can pay online for the product or they can provide cash on the delivery
of the product. In case of Nepal, digital wallets, bank debit/credit cards, IPS connect
are the major online payment methods. Digital markets are said to be more transparent than physical
markets. The information asymmetry, search cost, transaction cost, menu costs are low in
digital market. The sellers can easy change the prices of cost based on the market conditions.
Digital goods
Music, movies, books, software can be delivered over a digital network are considered as
digital goods. The cost of delivering digital goods is extremely low.
Features of e-commerce
The unique features of e-commerce are:
- Ubiquity
- Global Reach
- Universal technology standards
- Richness
- Interactivity
- Information Density
- Capabilities for personalization and customization
- social technology
Principal e-commerce business and revenue models:
E-commerce business models are:
- e-tailers
- transaction brokers
- market creators
- content providers
- community providers
- service providers
- portals
E-commerce revenue models:
- advertising
- sales
- subscription
- free/freemium
- transaction fee
- affiliate
Transformation of Marketing
The Internet has eased marketers to identify and communicate
with numerous customers at a very low cost. The concept of crowdsourcing
has helped to use the wisdom of the crowd and learn from the customers to design products,
improve marketing, increase customer value. Websites have eased to place banners,
rich media, and video ads; Social media networks have helped to spread information to a huge
group of people very easily and also eased sharing of point of views of individual customers.
Business to Customer E-commerce
Business organizations publish information about their products and services on the Websites; they
do marketing of their website also. Customers visit those websites, get information about the products
and services; if they liked the product then they purchase it.
The websites have features to search products, compare products, view customers' feedback, purchase
product, order product, write comments. The website provides a view of products from different angles also.
In the case of B2C eCommerce, sellers (business organizations) directly come in touch with the customer and
customers can directly trade with the sellers. This scenario helps to remove the broker and commission of the
broker; this can result in a reduction of the cost of the product. Customers can help/serve themselves in
finding information, purchasing products, tracking the product, etc.
The business organization securely stores all the transaction data, takes sole responsibility for protecting
customers data in most of the cases.
Customer to Customer (C2C) ecommerce
Customers put advertisements of their products/ services on a website (majorly third-party marketplaces).
They provide their contact information also. Other customers view the website and find the products, and if liked
they directly purchase the product from the customer.
Here, the website may take some charge with the seller or with both seller and buyer as it has facilitated
the transaction. The third-party website can also provide a payment facility to the buyers.
Building eCommerce presence
E-commerce is not only about doing trade using the website or just publishing website; integration with social media networks, use of
mobile applications, affiliating with other both online and offline channels are vital tasks performed to build a strong eCommerce presence. There are two most important management challenges with
building strong eCommerce presence:
- developing and having a clear understanding of the business objectives,
- deciding the right technology to achieve the objectives.
Components of a website budget
- Hosting Service -- 10%
- Telecommunications -- 5%
- Software -- 10%
- Content Development -- 15%
- Design -- 30%
- Marketing -- 20%
- Hardware -- 10%
Ecommerce website should have
- Digital Catalog
- Product database
- Customer on-site tracking
- Shopping cart/payment system
- Customer database
- Transaction Database
- Email server
- Site tracking and reporting system
- Inventory Management System
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
Exchange of data in the standard format between computers without any or minimum human intervention.